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๐Ÿ“˜ ์™œ ์„œ์–‘์ด ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ํ•ด๊ฒŒ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์žก๊ฒŒ๋˜์—ˆ์„๊นŒ!? '์ฐฝ๋ฐœ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€'์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  - Why Did the West Come to Dominate the World? Reading ใ€ŽThe Vergeใ€

๐Ÿ“˜ ์™œ ์„œ์–‘์ด ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ํ•ด๊ฒŒ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์žก๊ฒŒ๋˜์—ˆ์„๊นŒ!? '์ฐฝ๋ฐœ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€'์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  - Why Did the West Come to Dominate the World? Reading ใ€ŽThe Vergeใ€

๐Ÿ“š ์™œ ์„œ์–‘์ด ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ํ—ค๊ฒŒ๋ชจ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ์žก๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์„๊นŒ!?

ใ€Ž์ฐฝ๋ฐœ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€ใ€๋ฅผ ์ฝ๊ณ 

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๐Ÿ“– ์ฑ… ์ œ๋ชฉ: ใ€Ž์ฐฝ๋ฐœ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€ใ€
โœ๏ธ ์ž‘๊ฐ€: ํŽ˜ํŠธ๋ฆญ ์™€์ด๋จผ (Patrick Wyman)
๐ŸŽฏ ์ถ”์ฒœ ๋Œ€์ƒ: ์„œ์–‘ vs ๋™์–‘ ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„œ์–‘์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ถ„!
๐ŸŒŸ ํ•œ์ค„ ๊ฐ์ƒ: โ€œ์‹ ์šฉ, ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ, ์ง€์‹์˜ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์งˆ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พผ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ฐฐํ•˜๋‹ค!โ€

์–ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ ํ’ˆ์—ˆ๋˜ โ€˜์™œ ์„œ์–‘์ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?โ€™๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€ ์ฑ…!
1490๋…„~1530๋…„ 40๋…„์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด, ๋ถ„๊ถŒ, ์‹ ์šฉ, ์ธ์‡„์ˆ , ์šฉ๋ณ‘ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋“ฑ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€
๋งž๋ฌผ๋ ค โ€˜์ฐฝ๋ฐœ์ โ€™์œผ๋กœ ์„œ์–‘์˜ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ํ—ค๊ฒŒ๋ชจ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋œ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํฅ๋ฏธ์ง„์ง„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ’€์–ด๋‚ธ๋‹ค.
โ€œํฐ ํž˜์€ ์ค‘์•™์ง‘๊ถŒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ, ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๊ณผ ๋ถ„๊ถŒ ์†์—์„œ ์‹นํŠผ๋‹คโ€๋Š” ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ๋Š”๋‹ค!

ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•„์‰ฌ์šด์ ์€ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ!! ํ•œ๊ธ€์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ฝ๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ,, ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฒˆ์—ญํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค,,


โœจ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ

  • ๋กœ๋งˆ์™€ ํ•œ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๋ฒŒ์˜€๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒผ์„๊นŒ?
  • ๋ชฝ๊ณจ์ด ํด๋ž€๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง„๊ฒฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด?
  • ์™œ ๊ธˆ๋ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐฑ์ธ, ์ฆ‰ ์„œ์–‘์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?

์ด ์ฑ…์€ ๊ทธ์ค‘ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„, 1490๋…„์—์„œ 1530๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ 40๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ธ๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์‚ฌ์™€ ์—ฎ์–ด์„œ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.


๐Ÿ“ ์ฑ…์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์š”์•ฝ

  • ๊ตํ™ฉ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๊ณ , ์ค‘์•™์ง‘๊ถŒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ถ„๊ถŒ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋„๋ž˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜€๊ธฐ์—, ์‹ ์šฉ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค.
  • ์‹ ์šฉ์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ณณ์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ์ด ์‹ ์šฉ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋•๋ถ„์— ์ž์›์ด ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ„๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
    • ์‹ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ
    • ์šฉ๋ณ‘ ํ™œ์šฉ ๋“ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค.
  • ๋˜ํ•œ, ์ธ์‡„์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๋กœ ์ง€์‹์ด ํญ๋„“๊ฒŒ ํผ์ง€๋ฉฐ ์ธ์  ์ž์›์˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ๋„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ’ฌ ๊ธฐ์–ต์— ๋‚จ๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€

1. ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ์„ฑ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค

  • ์˜ค์Šค๋งŒ ์ œ๊ตญ์€ ๋ฌผ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ’์กฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ ์šฉ, ํˆฌ์ž, ์šฉ๋ณ‘ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ํ•„์š” ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ท€์กฑ ๊ฐ€๋ฌธ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์น˜์—ดํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๊ณผ ์ž์›์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด:
    • ์‹ ์šฉ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๊ณ 
    • ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜๊ณ 
    • ๋ฌด๊ธฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ ํ˜์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

2. ์šฉ๋ณ‘์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€

  • ์•„์‹œ์•„(์ค‘๊ตญ, ํ•œ๊ตญ): ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ†ต์น˜์ž์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฐ•์ œ ์†Œ์ง‘๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
  • ๋‹น์‹œ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ: ํŽ˜์ŠคํŠธ์™€ ์ธํด๋กœ์ € ์šด๋™ ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ท€ํ•ด์ง€์ž,
    • ์Šค์œ„์Šค ์šฉ๋ณ‘์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ˆ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๋ณ‘๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
    • ์ „์Ÿ์ด โ€œ์›”๊ธ‰์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ผโ€ ์ด ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค!

3. ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋, ์นด๋ฅผ 5์„ธ

  • ์ด์ž๋ฒจ๋ผ ์—ฌ์™•์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ํˆฌ์ž ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ,
  • ์•ผ์ฝ”ํ”„ ํ‘ธ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‹ ์šฉ ์ž๋ณธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ,
  • ๊ดด์ธ  ํฐ ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฌํž์—”์˜ ์šฉ๋ณ‘์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ,
  • ๋งˆ๋ฅดํ‹ด ๋ฃจํ„ฐ์˜ ์ข…๊ต ๊ฐœํ˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ
  • ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํ•ฉ์Šค๋ถ€๋ฅดํฌ ์™•๊ฐ€์˜ ์นด๋ฅผ 5์„ธ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง„๋‹ค.
  • ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ํƒ์›”ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ฑ์‹คํ–ˆ๋˜ ์นด๋ฅผ 5์„ธ๊ฐ€
    • ๋ณดํŽธ์  ํ†ต์น˜๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
    • ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ดํŒ ์ œ๋ชฉ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ์„œ์–‘์„ โ€˜์ฐฝ๋ฐœ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€โ€™ ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋А๊ผˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ›ค๏ธ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ

โ€œ์ฐฝ๋ฐœโ€์ด๋ž€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ ์†์—์„œ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์งˆ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
์„œ์–‘์€ ์‹ ์šฉ, ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ, ์šฉ๋ณ‘, ํˆฌ์ž, ์ธ์‡„์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์š”์†Œ๋“ค์ด ๋งž๋ฌผ๋ ค ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ๊ธฐ์— ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ํ—ค๊ฒŒ๋ชจ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ์ฅ˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.


๐Ÿ“š Why Did the West Come to Dominate the World?

Reading ใ€ŽThe Vergeใ€

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๐Ÿ“– Book Title: ใ€ŽThe Vergeใ€
โœ๏ธ Author: Patrick Wyman
๐ŸŽฏ Recommended For: Those interested in exploring the West vs East dynamic through Western perspectives and historical figures!
๐ŸŒŸ One-Line Impression: โ€œA fascinating insight into how credit, competition, and the spread of knowledge reshaped global order!โ€

This book rekindled the childhood question:
โ€œWhy did the West come to dominate the entire world?โ€
Through the events of 1490โ€“1530, it compellingly illustrates how decentralization, credit systems, the printing press, and mercenary forces intertwined to bring about the Westโ€™s global hegemony.
The message that โ€œgreat power sprouts not from centralization but from competition and decentralizationโ€ left a strong impression.

One drawback: the Korean translation felt awkward, almost as if I was reading English directly, which personally lessened the reading experience.


โœจ Childhood Curiosities

  • What if Rome and Han Dynasty had foughtโ€”who would have won?
  • What if the Mongols pushed past Poland into France?
  • Why did blond-haired Westerners come to dominate the world?

This book focuses on the third question, weaving together the personal stories of key figures from 1490 to 1530.


๐Ÿ“ Core Summary

  • The Age of the Papacy ended, giving rise to an era of decentralization instead of centralization.
  • Since no one could be fully trusted, credit became essential.
  • Investing in low-credit regions was risky, but promised high returns.
  • Through this system, resources were efficiently allocated, enabling:
    • Discoveries of the New World
    • The rise and use of mercenary forces
  • Additionally, the spread of printing technology significantly enhanced the quality of human capital.

๐Ÿ’ฌ Key Takeaways

1. Growth Requires Hardship

  • The Ottoman Empire, abundant in resources, had little need for credit, investment, or mercenaries.
  • In contrast, Europe, mired in noble family rivalries and resource scarcity, developed:
    • Complex credit systems
    • Active investment culture
    • Rapid military innovation through deadly conflict

2. The Age of Mercenaries

  • In Asia (China and Korea): Soldiers were often forcibly conscripted by powerful rulers.
  • In Europe: After the Black Death and the Enclosure Movement, manpower became scarce.
    • Hence, systems emerged where Swiss mercenaries and others were hired and paid.
    • War became a profession for hire!

3. All Roads Lead to Charles V

  • From Queen Isabellaโ€™s investment stories,
  • Jakob Fuggerโ€™s credit empire,
  • Gรถtz von Berlichingenโ€™s mercenary adventures,
  • To Martin Lutherโ€™s religious reformationโ€”
  • All narratives ultimately converge on Charles V of the Habsburg dynasty.
  • Although not particularly brilliant, Charles Vโ€™s diligence allowed him to:
    • Drive universal rule across Europe,
    • Tying neatly back to the bookโ€™s Korean title, โ€œThe Age of Emergenceโ€.

๐Ÿ›ค๏ธ Final Thoughts

โ€œEmergenceโ€ refers to the unexpected birth of new orders from chaos and competition.
It was through credit, competition, mercenaries, investment, and the spread of knowledge that the West managed to secure its global dominance.

This post is licensed under CC BY 4.0 by the author.